Russia develops new KUB-SM mobile drone launcher to enhance reconnaissance and strike missions.

At the IDEX-2025 exhibition in Abu Dhabi, scheduled from February 17 to 21, the Russian Kalashnikov Concern will introduce the KUB-SM system, a reconnaissance and strike platform that incorporates several loitering munitions. The system comprises loitering munitions (UB) and reconnaissance relay aircraft (BLA-R), housed in transport-launch containers (TPK). It is mounted on an armored combat vehicle, likely based on the Ural 4320 or 6370, enabling the simultaneous launch and operation of its components. The system includes 14 containers for guided munitions and two containers for reconnaissance drones.
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Mounted on a 6x6 armored truck, this new mobile drone launcher system includes 14 containers for guided munitions and two containers for reconnaissance drones. (Picture source: Kalashnikov)

The loitering munitions, likely the Kub-2-E, are equipped with multi-factor warheads, capable of engaging various targets, including lightly armored vehicles, command posts, anti-aircraft missile systems, and vehicles equipped with electronic warfare systems. The BLA-R conducts reconnaissance, transmits data, and facilitates communication between the munitions and a ground control station. Both drones and munitions are gas-dynamically launched from their containers. The armored combat vehicle is designed to transport the crew, manage ammunition, and reposition efficiently between combat or operational phases.

The system operates effectively under diverse conditions, including day and night operations, challenging weather, and winds of up to 15 m/s. Its design supports mobile combat operations and targets such as radars, air defense systems, rear support facilities, UAV launch sites, and aircraft stationed in open airfields.

The KUB-SM concept bears similarities to an earlier Russian prototype, the Multiple Launch Drone System (MLDS), reportedly under development for Lancet drones. This prototype, attributed to the Kalashnikov Group, employs a Kamaz 5350 Patrol 6x6 armored vehicle equipped with 16 transport-launch containers. It is designed to launch up to 64 drones rapidly using a tube-based system. The Lancet drones, developed by Zala Aero Group, feature guidance systems for reconnaissance and precision strikes and can carry high-explosive, thermobaric, or HEAT warheads, with a range of 40 km and speeds up to 300 km/h. The MLDS also includes dual UAV operator stations and supports swarm technology for coordinated target engagement.

Globally, similar systems have been developed. South Korea has created two systems: a modular drone carrier based on a Kia K151 Raycolt, and a Drone Multiple Launcher capable of deploying drones for attack and surveillance. Integrated with the Chunmoo MLRS and L-SAM systems, this platform includes modular launch pads for small and medium-sized drones. In the United States, the Navy’s LOCUST program has developed swarm-enabled launchers, capable of deploying up to 31 drones in 40 seconds for autonomous or semi-autonomous operations. The Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) is advancing the Air-Launched Effects program, enabling mid-air deployment of drones from platforms such as the MQ-9 Reaper for ISR and strike missions.

This system comprises a minimum of 14 loitering munitions, two reconnaissance drones, and sixteen gas-dynamic launch mechanisms to avoid the logistical and safety challenges associated with pyrotechnic boosters. (Picture source: Kalashnikov)

China has also showcased swarm technology with a modified Dongfeng Mengshi CTL181A vehicle, equipped with 48-tube launchers for kamikaze drones, and a new variant of the FAW MV3 6x6 truck, which carries and launches the recently unveiled ASN-301 loitering munition. These drones can operate individually or in coordinated swarms and are designed for autonomous strikes on ground and infrastructure targets. Israel has introduced the MCL Viper system by SpearUAV, which deploys drones from various platforms for reconnaissance and electronic warfare without exposing operators. Germany’s Rheinmetall has developed a containerized launcher for Hero loitering munitions, designed for deployment in various operational environments, including naval and land-based scenarios.

Mobile drone launcher systems, such as the Kalashnikov KUB-SM, offer practical advantages for UAV operations by enabling launches in constrained environments without the need for traditional runways. These systems use pneumatic or gas-dynamic launch mechanisms, avoiding the logistical and safety challenges associated with pyrotechnic boosters. Designed for missions ranging from reconnaissance to precision strikes, they support rapid deployment and recovery of drones while maintaining operational capability in adverse weather conditions, including strong winds of up to 15 m/s and extreme temperatures. This functionality ensures efficient UAV operations across diverse and remote locations.

Mobile drone carriers and launchers, including naval and vehicle-mounted platforms, extend the reach and adaptability of UAV systems. These platforms enable deployment from various terrains and dynamic environments, supporting tactical, operational, and strategic objectives. Some systems integrate advanced technologies, such as swarm capabilities, which allow drones to conduct reconnaissance or strike missions in coordinated operations. Features like artificial intelligence and autonomous navigation enhance precision and operational efficiency. Additionally, these systems mitigate risks to personnel by enabling UAV-based surveillance and combat roles without exposing operators to direct threats. Their flexibility, mobility, and adaptability make them integral to modern military strategies.