Türkiye to upgrade its Firtina-II howitzer with national systems to reduce foreign dependency.

As reported by SavunmaSanayiST on February 11, 2025, the Turkish Land Forces will receive a total of 140 Firtina-II 155mm self-propelled howitzers, as part of a scheduled modernization program. At least ten of these vehicles have been delivered so far, with future upgrades incorporating the domestically developed UTKU power group. The transition to national components is intended to reduce reliance on foreign suppliers.
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The Firtina-II introduces several modifications, including an electrically powered turret and barrel positioning system, an automatic ammunition loading mechanism, and the integration of the SARP Remote-Controlled Weapon System (RCWS). (Picture source: Twitter/SavunmaSanayiST)

The T-155 Firtina, a self-propelled artillery system based on South Korea’s K9 Thunder, has been in service with the Turkish military since 2004. Developed through a technology transfer agreement with South Korea, the Firtina features a modified turret with increased ammunition storage and a fire control system adapted for local operational requirements. The system has undergone continuous improvements.

The Firtina-II introduces several modifications, including an electrically powered turret and barrel positioning system, an automatic ammunition loading mechanism, and the integration of the SARP Remote-Controlled Weapon System (RCWS). Additional changes include an upgraded fire control system, climate control, and an automatic fire suppression system. The vehicle retains a fully welded steel armor hull designed to withstand 14.5mm caliber small arms fire and artillery shell fragments.

The Firtina-II is equipped with a 155mm 52-caliber barrel, compatible with NATO-standard ammunition, and has a firing range of up to 40 km depending on the projectile used. It is powered by the MTU 881 Ka-500 diesel engine, producing 1,000 horsepower and enabling a top speed of 67 km/h. The vehicle maintains a power-to-weight ratio of 21 hp/ton and can fire three rounds in 15 seconds.

The acquisition of the Firtina-II is supported by an agreement with Allison Transmission, which has partnered with Türkiye-based HST Otomotiv to provide X1100-5A4 cross-drive transmissions. Between 140 and 160 units are expected to be developed, with deliveries ongoing despite prior supply chain delays. The Firtina and its upgraded variant have been deployed in multiple military operations, including engagements in northern Iraq and Syria.

In response to export restrictions on the T-155 Firtina due to foreign component dependencies, Turkish defense firm MKE has developed a hybrid variant of the Firtina, named Gürhan. This version incorporates a hybrid propulsion system, combining a diesel engine with an electric motor. The electric motor generates 1,300 horsepower, increasing operational range to 500 km. The Gürhan underwent firing tests in July 2024 and is designed to mitigate foreign supply constraints while preparing for potential international sales.