Saudi army forces participate in Kuwait live-fire exercise.

As reported by the Kuwait Times, Saudi royal forces arrived on November 3 in Kuwait through Nuwaiseeb border crossing and Ali Al-Salem airbase, to participate in the Gulf shooting exercise 2021, taking place on November 7-18. Kuwaiti and Saudi land forces are participating in the exercise, in addition to the United States’ Spartan force, the Kuwaiti Ministry of Defense said in a statement.
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This photo released on November 3 shows Saudi equipment that arrived in Kuwait. (Picture source: Kuwait MoD)

Saudi Arabia and Kuwait are keen on organizing such exercises to reflect efforts made to develop combined military collaboration between Kuwait and neighboring and friendly countries.

The Kuwait Army, established in 1949, is the oldest armed branch among the military of Kuwait. Its cavalry and infantry predecessors operated in the desert and metropolitan areas in 1919, 1920, and 1928 to 1938, tracing their roots directly to the cavalrymen and infantrymen that defended Al-Kout Fortress since the 19th century along with various mounted defensive forces. The "Kuwait Army" was later established as the Kuwait Land Force, which became the principal land force of the Kuwait Armed Forces. In 1990 and 1991, during the first Gulf War, most of the equipment was seized and or destroyed by invading Iraqi forces. At that time, the Kuwait military was a lot smaller.

The Kuwait Military Forces consist of several joint-forming defense forces. The governing bodies are the Kuwait Ministry of Defense, the Kuwait Ministry of Interior, the Kuwait National Guard, and the Kuwait Fire Service Directorate. The Emir of Kuwait is the commander-in-chief of all defense forces and the Crown Prince is the deputy commander. The Kuwait National Guard, however, is an independent combat institution from the Ministry of Defense and Interior and acts independently under the guidance, discretion, and disposition of the respective leadership, supporting the Military of the State of Kuwait as needed and required.

The Kuwait Land Force consists of active-duty personnel organized into three armored brigades, two mechanized infantry brigades, a mechanized reconnaissance brigade, an artillery brigade, a combat engineering brigade, a reserve brigade, and various other commands. The brigades are small by western standards, roughly the equivalent of small regiments or large battalions. They are "cadre forces", kept up to 80 percent of full strength, with the balance made up of reserves in case of war. Although the threat from Iraq was replaced by the War on Terror, the forces structure has remained largely unchanged since 2000.