Argentina Chooses Elbit's ATMOS Over CAESAR for Artillery Modernization.

Argentina has announced its selection of Elbit Systems' ATMOS over the CAESAR from KNDS (Nexter) following a comprehensive evaluation process and for the incorporation of 36-wheeled VCA, as reported by Zona-Militar on May 9, 2024. 
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The CAESAR (left) from KNDS and the ATMOS (right) from Elbit Systems were the two vehicles offered to Argentina for the modernization of its artillery (Picture source: KNDS-Nexter/ Elbit Systems)

The Argentine Army plans to incorporate 72 new self-propelled artillery vehicles to equip its Armored Artillery Groups, with ATMOS and the M109 KAWEST as the preferred options. This upgrade is deemed crucial for replacing older and decommissioned artillery systems and aligning the Army's capabilities with contemporary military requirements. The selection process was detailed in a Technical Qualification Report published on March 11, 2024, which covered various aspects of the competing systems.

During evaluations held on April 27 and 28, 2024, the Army tested the GRIFO system, which integrates the ATMOS platform, against a target drone simulating an enemy aircraft. The tests aimed to assess the system’s ability to quickly engage and destroy targets, highlighting the urgent need to enhance rapid deployment forces with modern and effective artillery solutions.

The ATMOS 2000, developed by Elbit Systems of Israel, entered production in the early 2000s and was first introduced into service in the mid-2000s. This self-propelled artillery system is mounted on a variety of truck chassis, giving it high mobility and flexibility. The ATMOS is designed to fire all standard NATO 155mm ammunition, including ERFB (Extended Range Full Bore) and cluster munitions, reaching ranges of up to 41 kilometers with base bleed rounds. The system is known for its rapid deployment capabilities and can fire within 30 seconds of coming to a halt. It also boasts a high rate of fire, being able to shoot 4 rounds per minute in intense firing mode. The modular nature of ATMOS allows for integration on different 6x6 or 8x8 wheeled platforms, enhancing its operational adaptability to different geographical terrains and strategic needs.

Developed by Nexter Systems (formerly GIAT Industries) of France, the CAESAR 155mm self-propelled howitzer began production in 1994 and entered service with the French Army in 2008. Mounted on a 6x6 truck chassis, CAESAR combines the firepower of a traditional artillery with the mobility of a wheeled vehicle. It is capable of firing all NATO standard 155mm ammunition, achieving maximum ranges of approximately 42 kilometers using extended-range full-bore shells and up to 55 kilometers using rocket-assisted projectiles. Notable for its strategic and tactical mobility, CAESAR can be airlifted by C-130 or A400M type aircraft and can be ready to fire just minutes after deployment. Its design focuses on a balance between firepower, protection, and mobility, making it a key asset in modern artillery operations, especially in rapid deployment and high-mobility scenarios.

ATMOS was particularly noted for its advantageous operational range and suitability for air transport due to its design specifications. It was also favored because of the potential for local production, as the system could be mounted on a 6x6 platform produced by Iveco, which has a substantial presence in Argentina.

From an industrial and strategic military perspective, ATMOS offered more benefits. The possibility of establishing an assembly and maintenance center in Argentina was a significant factor, leveraging the existing collaboration between the Argentine Army and Elbit in the TAM 2C-A2 project. Additionally, the open technology used in ATMOS's ammunition system was preferred over the closed system of CAESAR, providing strategic flexibility in terms of future upgrades and interoperability.

Logistical considerations also played a crucial role in the decision, with the ATMOS system demonstrating greater ease in obtaining spare parts and supplies, such as tires, which are readily available on the local market.

Financial aspects were equally important, with Elbit offering more favorable financing options. This could potentially include a government-to-government agreement, simplifying the procurement process, and reducing risks associated with international public tenders.

The choice of ATMOS aligns with regional defense trends, as the system was also recently selected by the Brazilian Army, indicating a move towards greater integration and standardization within South American defense forces.