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Cyprus Presents a Plan in Collaboration with US for NATO Membership.
The Republic of Cyprus, under the leadership of President Nikos Christodoulidis, is advancing a plan for gradual integration into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). This initiative, developed both politically and strategically, was recently formalized during a meeting with U.S. President Joe Biden, as reported by Kathimerini. The Cypriot plan, received positively in Washington, signals a shift in the island's geopolitical positioning and an effort to deepen its engagement within the Euro-Atlantic framework. However, this ambition presents both strategic opportunities and significant political challenges.
From November 12 to 14, 2024, operational artillery fire on maritime targets was conducted by the artillery units of the Cyprus National Guard at the Kiti firing range (Picture source: Cyprus MoD)
The plan outlined by President Christodoulidis focuses on three key priorities: establishing institutionalized relations with NATO, gaining access to U.S. defense equipment, and modernizing Cyprus’ military capabilities to meet NATO standards. Achieving these goals will require substantial political progress, including resolving the longstanding Cyprus issue and improving EU-Turkey relations. These steps are essential to overcoming structural barriers currently hindering Cyprus' path to full NATO membership.
Cyprus aims to enhance its security through NATO’s collective defense mechanism under Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which ensures mutual defense in the event of an attack. Access to advanced military equipment and training programs would allow Cyprus to upgrade its armed forces and improve interoperability with NATO allies, strengthening its overall defense posture.
Regionally, NATO membership would elevate Cyprus’ geopolitical significance in the Eastern Mediterranean, reinforcing its role in regional stability. This integration could also promote broader cooperation with neighboring countries while further embedding Cyprus in Euro-Atlantic institutions. The plan aligns with existing strategic partnerships involving Israel and Greece, supported by the United States, to address multifaceted challenges in the region.
Despite its potential benefits, the proposal faces numerous challenges. The unresolved Cyprus conflict, dividing the island between the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus since 1974, poses a major obstacle. Turkey, a key NATO member, has historically blocked Cypriot participation in Euro-Atlantic institutions, and any move toward NATO membership could heighten tensions.
Additionally, Cyprus must address internal resistance stemming from its historical policy of neutrality. Since gaining independence in 1960, Cyprus has pursued a non-aligned stance, including participation in the Non-Aligned Movement. Joining NATO would require a significant political shift and consensus within the country, alongside a redefinition of its strategic priorities.
The prospect of increased foreign military presence also raises questions about national sovereignty. With two British military bases already operating on the island, further expansion of allied forces could provoke domestic opposition, particularly among segments of the Cypriot population.
Nonetheless, the Cypriot plan represents a pivotal step in the country’s strategic realignment and its aspirations to play a more active role in regional and international security. By pursuing closer institutional ties with NATO and deepening collaboration with the United States, Cyprus seeks to address pressing geopolitical challenges in the Eastern Mediterranean while solidifying its position within the broader Euro-Atlantic security architecture.
Though complex and long-term in nature, this initiative underscores Cyprus’ vision for the future: becoming a vital player in the evolving strategic dynamics of its region through robust partnerships and shared commitments to stability and security.