Analysis: Russian Tornado-G rocket launcher modernized BM-21 Grad boosts strike effectiveness by 2.5 times.

The Russian Tornado-G Multiple Rocket Launcher System (MRLS) represents a significant modernization of the iconic BM-21 Grad, marking a considerable leap in combat capabilities and operational efficiency. Designed for single and salvo strikes, the Tornado-G effectively targets command posts, artillery positions, enemy manpower, and armored vehicles in concentrated areas. Its versatility allows it to engage enemy forces on the move, during deployment to combat positions, and directly in active defense zones.
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A Russian Tornado-G MLRS with a visible GPS satellite antenna mounted on the crew cab roof, showcasing its advanced navigation and automated fire control capabilities. (Picture source: Vitaly Kuzmin Blog)

The most transformative improvements of the Tornado-G over the BM-21 Grad come from integrated satellite navigation and an automated guidance and fire control system (AGFCS). These state-of-the-art features enable Tornado-G crews to operate fully autonomously, dramatically reducing manual input and streamlining mission execution. Notably, the integration of automated systems has reduced control cycle durations by fivefold, ensuring that the launcher can move quickly into and out of combat positions. This substantial reduction in response time significantly enhances survivability on the battlefield. Furthermore, these innovations increase the effectiveness of strikes against enemy positions by 2.5 times, underscoring Tornado-G’s superior firepower and precision compared to its predecessor.

One of the most impressive advancements in the Tornado-G system is the introduction of new-generation ammunition. These advanced rockets deliver extended range and improved lethality. Depending on the specific munition variant, the Tornado-G can now engage targets at ranges between 30 to 40 kilometers. This represents a marked improvement over the BM-21 Grad, which had a maximum range of only 20 kilometers. The enhanced range not only allows the Tornado-G to strike deeper into enemy territory but also enables it to engage targets while maintaining a safer distance from counter-battery fire. Additionally, the modernized rockets improve accuracy and destructive capability, ensuring that strikes achieve maximum operational impact.

The Tornado-G’s improvements allow it to spend significantly less time in combat positions, reducing vulnerability to counterstrikes and increasing operational tempo. Combined with enhanced accuracy, range, and automation, the system provides commanders with a highly flexible and devastating tool for modern battlefield requirements. The system’s ability to operate autonomously also simplifies logistics and reduces the training burden for crews, while allowing for faster deployment and repositioning.

The Tornado-G multiple rocket launcher system (MRLS) retains the general appearance of the older BM-21 Grad, including its signature 40-tube launch system, but there are key visual distinctions that set it apart. Most notably, the Tornado-G features a GPS antenna mounted on the roof of the crew cab, which is absent on the standard BM-21. This antenna supports the system's advanced satellite navigation capabilities. Additionally, while the launcher structure closely resembles that of the BM-21, subtle modifications may be observed to accommodate the new ammunition and upgraded targeting systems. Some variants also feature protective housings for electronics or slight enhancements to the mounting frame. These visible upgrades reflect the Tornado-G's integration of modern automated systems, distinguishing it as a significantly improved and technologically advanced successor to the BM-21 Grad.

The Tornado-G has been actively deployed in the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, where its modernized capabilities have proven effective in artillery duels and precision strikes. Reports indicate that the Tornado-G is being utilized to target fortified Ukrainian positions, command centers, and troop concentrations with devastating accuracy. Its extended range and improved fire control systems enable Russian forces to strike Ukrainian positions while remaining out of reach of most counter-battery fire, further enhancing its battlefield effectiveness. The use of Tornado-G in Ukraine highlights its role as a key asset in modern, high-intensity conflicts where rapid mobility, precision, and firepower are critical.

As the direct successor to the legendary BM-21 Grad, the Tornado-G multiple rocket launcher system epitomizes the next generation of precision artillery firepower. With its advanced navigation, automation systems, and extended-range ammunition, the Tornado-G not only enhances the efficiency of battlefield operations but also delivers a significant increase in destructive capability. These improvements make it a powerful and versatile asset for modern military forces, ensuring it remains a critical component in artillery operations.