The primary function of the UR-77 Meteorit is mine-clearing, so its main "armament" is the MDK-3 mine-clearing line charge system. However, the UR-77 is not intended to be a heavily armed combat vehicle. Its primary purpose is to create safe paths through minefields rather than engage in direct combat with enemy forces. The UR-77 is equipped with a roof-mounted launcher for two-line charges. The launcher is mounted on top of the hull towards the rear and can be elevated and rotated to launch the line charges over minefields.
The MDK-3 system uses a rocket-propelled line charge filled with explosives. The line charge is housed in a long, flexible tube, which is uncoiled and laid out before the launch. Once the launcher is aimed, the rocket propels the line charge across the minefield, with the explosive-filled tube being uncoiled in the process. When the line charge lands on the ground, it creates a linear pattern of explosives across the minefield. After the line charge is in place, it is remotely detonated, creating a shockwave and blast pressure that either neutralizes or detonates any mines within the vicinity of the explosion. The resulting cleared path allows troops and vehicles to safely pass through the minefield. With a single line charge, the UR-77 can effectively clear a corridor that is 6 meters wide and 90 meters long. The vehicle carries two line charges, allowing it to clear a total of 180 meters of mine-infested terrain while maintaining a 6-meter-wide cleared path.
The UR-77 can also be armed with a 7.62mm PKT machine gun for self-defense, typically mounted on the roof of the vehicle.

The UR-77 is based on a tracked chassis, providing good mobility and the ability to traverse various types of terrain. The chassis design is similar to the 2S1 Gvozdika self-propelled howitzer and the MT-LB multipurpose tracked carrier. The vehicle has a box-shaped armored hull that provides protection to the crew from small arms fire and shell splinters. The hull has a sloped front section, which helps deflect enemy fire. Operated by a crew of two, including a driver and operator, the UR-77 vehicle provides armor protection for the crew. The steel armor shields them from small arms fire and shell splinters. The crew compartment is located at the front of the vehicle, with a driver's position on the left side and an operator's position on the right. Both crew members have access to hatches on the roof for entry and exit, as well as periscopes for visibility when operating under armor protection.