T-80U / T-80UM MBT

Main Battle Tank - Russia

The T-80U is an improved version of the Russian-made T-80 MBT (Main Battle Tank) that entered into service with the Russian army in 1985. The production of the T-80U was stopped in 1992 but Ukraine continued to produce the tank. The tank has improved armor protection, a new 125 mm gun, and a fire-control system that allows the tank commander or gunner to aim and fire the main armament.

T-80U MBT variants:

- T-80U-1: equipped with the 9K112 Kobra radio-guided ATGW (Anti-Tank Guided Weapon) system.
- T-80UD: the original turbine engine has been replaced by the 6TF two-stroke diesel engine developing 1,100 hp.
- T-80UK: additional communication equipment, 1 kW auxiliary generating unit, Installation of TShU1-7 Shtora-1 countermeasures system. Internally the T-80UK also features a modernized fire-control system, aiming sight, ballistic computer, commander's hatch control unit, loading mechanism, and banks of smoke grenade launchers on either side of the turret.
- T-80UE: T-80UK with some of the command elements removed while retaining the TshU1-7 Shtora-1 countermeasures system
- T-80UM: powered by the 1,250 hp gas turbine and has a number of other improvements including the Brod-M deep fording kit and Agava M1 computerized fire-control system which incorporates a thermal imaging sight for the gunner, with the tank commander being provided with a monitor screen to see the gunner's target image.
- T-80UM1: fitted with the more advanced Arena (or Kazt) Defensive Aid Suite (DAS). The T-80UM1 is also fitted with a GTD-1250-G engine, air conditioning system, roof-mounted DV-EBS wind sensor, Buran-M stabilized gunner's day/night sight, RPZ-86M anti-radar coating, increased power stabilization system for the 125 mm 2A46M-4 main armament, KAKTUS explosive reactive armor system, Tuman rapid action fire detection and suppression system, anti-fragmentation screens made of Kevlar type material, NSTV 12.7 mm remote-controlled machine gun, Ainet automatic fuze setting system for 125 mm high-explosive fragmentation ammunition and the 45M fire-control system which includes a day/thermal sighting system of Russian or foreign origin.
- T-80UM2: fitted with a new turret armed with a 125 mm gun fed by a bustle-mounted automatic loader. The tank is also equipped with the Drozd-1 (Thrush) defensive aids suite.

Weapon Systems

Main Armament:  L48 2A46M-1 125mm Smoothbore Cannon Ammunition: High Explosives (HE); Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS); High-Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) Loading Carousel-Type automatic loading system with 28 ready to fire ammunition. The tank carries a total of 45 rounds. Second Armament:  one 7.62 mm PKT MG, one 12.7mm Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun; Ammunition:  7.62mm for the PKT & 12.7mm for the NSVT Missile:  Laser Beam Anti-Tank Guided Missiles 9M119 Svir, 9M119M Refeks(NATO designation AT-11 Sniper-B) Other:  Four 81mm smoke grenade dischargers mounted on each side of the turret

Protection

Crew:  3 Standard Armor: Hull with improved protection against kinetic energy and HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) attack; turret with renovated ceramic system, Protection equivalent to 550mm Add-On Armor:  Hull side; track skirts Passive Armor:  - Active Armor: Kontakt-5 System. Built-in ERA (Explosive Reactive Armor) system. Upgrade from the T-80B. Active Protection System: Arena Available: designed to defeat threats such as the rocket-propelled grenade and the anti-tank missile, including newer anti-tank missiles

Mobility

Engine:  1,250 hp GTD-1250 turbine Transmission:  manual with 4 forward, 1 reverse gears Suspension: torsion bar suspension with each side consisting of six forged steel-aluminum rubber-tired roadwheels, a drive sprocket at the rear, an idler at the front, and five return roadwheels. Gaps between the second and third, fourth and fifth, and fifth and sixth roadwheels. The side skirt covers the return rollers. Speed:  70 km/h Cruising Range:  335 km; 440 km with additional fuel tanks Crossing Capacity:  Gradient: 63% - Side Slope: 46% - Vertical step: 1 m - Trench: 2.85 m Fording Capacity:  1.8 m without preparation, 5 m with snorkel

Accessories

Fire Control:  Computerized fire control system 1A45 Irtysh with 1V528-1 Ballistic Computer Laser Range Finder:  YES Night Visions Systems  L-4A "Luna" IR Searchlight, day and night, vertical plane PNK-4S (Agat) day/night sight Day Vision Systems  Commander has five day periscopes/vision blocks. NBC Protection System  ZETS-11-2 detection system collective overpressure system Sight Systems Stabilized T01-K01R Buran-PA night sight for gunner; Thermal day and night, vertical plane PNK-4S (Agat) day/night sight for commander Radio Systems:  R-173 communication systems; Receiver R-174/GRR-5