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New Chapter in US-Saudi Military Cooperation with Approved TOW Missile Sale.
The U.S. Department of State has approved a potential foreign military sale of TOW 2A and TOW 2B missiles to Saudi Arabia, an agreement that could reach a value of $440 million. Announced on October 24, 2024, the decision also includes a wide range of logistical and technical support services, bolstering the kingdom's defense capabilities against current and future threats. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) has officially notified Congress of the sale, marking a new chapter in military cooperation between the United States and its strategic partner in the Gulf region.
The utility of the TOW 2A and TOW 2B missiles lies in their capability to provide powerful anti-armor firepower and fortification destruction (Picture source: US DoD)
Saudi Arabia has expressed its intent to acquire a total of 1,014 TOW missiles, comprising 507 units of the TOW 2A (BGM-71E-4B-RF) and 507 units of the TOW 2B (BGM-71F-3-RF), both being radio-frequency guided, tube-launched anti-tank systems. Developed by RTX Corporation (formerly Raytheon), these high-precision weapons provide advanced firepower against armored threats. To ensure optimal performance, the agreement also includes 14 "fly-to-buy" missiles for validation testing, reinforcing the kingdom’s trust in the supplied systems.
The TOW 2A and TOW 2B missiles represent advanced versions of the TOW anti-tank system, known for their long-range accuracy and strike power. The TOW 2A, optimized for direct attack, is suited for engaging heavily armored targets, while the TOW 2B, which executes top-down strikes, targets vulnerable areas of armored vehicles. Both variants are compatible with various launchers, including those mounted on Stryker, Bradley, and ITAS HMMWV vehicles, providing flexibility across different environments.
These missiles are equipped with powerful warheads capable of penetrating advanced armor while maintaining high resilience against enemy countermeasures. In use by over 40 armed forces worldwide, they have proven effective in high-intensity conflict zones, enhancing capabilities in both defensive and support roles. With continuous modernization, the TOW remains a valuable asset for armed forces, aligning with current and future U.S. programs for optionally manned combat vehicles and projected to remain operational beyond 2050.
Beyond the missiles, the proposed sale includes additional equipment and services, such as test devices, simulators, generators, integration support, spare parts, communication tools, software support, technical publications, personnel training, and engineering services. This comprehensive support package is designed to facilitate the integration of these systems into Saudi Arabia’s armed forces, which already operate similar systems.
Regional security remains a strategic priority for the United States, which regards Saudi Arabia as a stabilizing force in the Gulf. By enhancing Riyadh's defense capabilities, Washington aims to support regional security without altering the regional military balance. This military support aligns with U.S. foreign policy goals, enabling allies to promote stability and economic prosperity in key areas.
RTX Corporation, headquartered in Tucson, Arizona, will be the main contractor for the sale, which may include an offset agreement. Such agreements, often involving investments or technology transfers, are intended to benefit the purchasing country and are negotiated directly between Saudi Arabia and the American contractor. This aspect could contribute to the development of local defense industrial capacities, although it was not specified in the certification sent to Congress.
Notably, implementing this sale will not require additional U.S. government or contractor representatives in Saudi Arabia. Delivery and integration can proceed without impacting U.S. defense readiness, a criterion often considered for large-scale arms sales.
The figures in the notification reflect maximum estimates based on initial requirements. The final cost may be adjusted downward according to budget agreements and specific needs defined during negotiations, allowing flexibility in the contract's execution. For further inquiries, the State Department’s Bureau of Political-Military Affairs invites officials and the public to contact its Office of Public Affairs.
This sale aligns with U.S. policy to support Middle Eastern allies by supplying advanced military equipment to counter current and emerging threats. As a proven anti-armor system, the TOW offers a robust defensive solution against armored threats from neighboring countries or armed groups, addressing the region's complex security landscape.
The utility of the TOW 2A and TOW 2B missiles lies in their capability to provide powerful anti-armor firepower and fortification destruction. The TOW 2A, with its direct attack mode, is especially suited for engaging armored targets at medium to long range, while the TOW 2B’s top-attack capability targets vulnerable areas of armored vehicles, providing a significant advantage against modern tanks. By integrating these missiles on various platforms, Saudi Arabia can enhance its ground defense with effective deterrence against potential armored incursions.