Russia change war doctrine with a massive use of modernized goliath drones.

Russian companies have produced several variants of FPV "kamikaze" ground drones, designed to demolish defensive positions. The High Precision Complexes holding (part of Rostec) has developed the multifunctional robotic complexes Depesha and Buggy. Currently, these ground robots are undergoing extensive testing, including in Ukraine.
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The visual concept of Lyagushka UAV according to Rostec.  (Picture source: Rostec)

One of the most important features of these robotic machines, besides their compactness and maneuverability, is their load capacity. For "Depatch," it's 150 kg; for "Buggy," it's 250 kg. This makes these robots reliable assistants for frontline fighters. The "depeshas" and "buggies" can quickly and quietly deliver supplies, ammunition, fuel to the front line, and even evacuate wounded soldiers.

The remotely controlled robots "Depesha" (developed by JSC "KBP") and "Buggy" (developed by VNII "Signal") in different versions can be used to destroy enemy personnel, fortifications such as casemates, bunkers, fortified firing posts, and strongholds. Moreover, the robotic systems can perform field mining tasks.

The Depesha robot is assembled on a tracked platform and is controlled by an operator using a joystick and an FPV headset. The "Buggy" robotic complex has a wheeled platform and is controlled using a joystick and a tablet. Both robots can be used as ground kamikaze drones to destroy enemy targets by exploding a charge that the robotic complex delivers to the target.

The visual concept of Depesha UAV according to Rostec.  (Picture source: rostec)

The "Depesha" system is assembled on a tracked chassis and is controlled by the operator using a joystick and an FPV headset. The "Buggy" robotic system has a wheeled platform and is controlled using a joystick and a tablet.

Furthermore, one of the defense companies has created the "Lyagushka" (Frog) ground drone, which is supposed to deliver explosives to the position. It moves at a speed of 20 km/h and is capable of carrying 30 kg of explosives.

The visual concept of Lyagushka UAV according to Rostec.  (Picture source: rostec)

Explosives, in the form of mortar shells, are attached to the drone with mounting foam. "Lyagushka" is also controlled with an FPV headset. It should be noted that the operators of all these ground drones face poor visibility and therefore must be adjusted from an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Ukrainian intelligence was successfully captured with a reconnaissance UAV, initials and live test of Lyagushka UGV. This drone was tested on the Ukrainian position and successfully destroyed a machine gun nest.