Russia Navy still has 13 ships including two submarines in Black Sea to threaten Ukraine.

According to information published by the Ukrainian Armed Forces on March 2, 2023, the group of Russian ships in the Black Sea consists of 13 ships, 4 of which are capable of carrying Kalibr missiles, including 2 submarines. It is likely that the two submarines are of the Kilo class.
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Russian Kilo-class submarine Krasnokamensk. (Picture source: csdalzavod)

The Kilo-class submarine is a type of attack submarine that was first introduced by the Soviet Union in the early 1980s. She has since been exported to several other countries and has seen action in a number of conflicts.

The submarine has a displacement that varies between 2,325 tons and 3,100 tons depending on the specific variant. She measures between 70.0 and 73.8 meters in length, 9.9 meters in beam, and has a draft of 6.2 meters.

The Kilo class is powered by a diesel-electric propulsion system that includes two 1000 kW diesel generators, a 5,500-6,800 shp propulsion motor, and a fixed-pitch 6 or 7 bladed propeller.

When surfaced, the submarine can reach a top speed of 17 knots, while its maximum submerged speed is 20 knots. Her range with snorkel is between 6,000 and 7,500 nautical miles at 7 knots, and 400 nautical miles at 3 knots while submerged. She has an endurance of 45 days and can operate at depths of up to 240 meters.

The Kilo-class submarine is equipped with six 533 mm torpedo tubes and can carry up to 18 torpedoes. She is also armed with four Kalibr/Club land-attack cruise missiles, anti-ship missiles, and anti-submarine missiles in some variants.

Additionally, the submarine can carry up to 24 mines and is equipped with eight 9K34 Strela-3 or 9K310 Igla-1 surface-to-air missiles for air defense (although some export submarines may not be equipped with these weapons).