Breaking News
Did Netherlands Secretly Supply M109A2 Howitzers to Ukraine?.
A recently published video by Ukraine’s Ministry of Defense has sparked speculation regarding the origins of certain military equipment used by Ukrainian forces. Filmed at the 199th Training Center of the Air Assault Forces, the footage shows artillery exercises involving self-propelled howitzers. While some observers initially identified these vehicles as M109A6 Paladins, the theory that they are instead M109A2 howitzers, potentially transferred discreetly by the Netherlands, was first suggested by the Polish defense outlet Defence24. In June 2024, the X account @Jeff21461, which tracks arms transfers to Ukraine, mentioned a possible delivery of these vehicles to Ukraine by the Netherlands.
The camouflage pattern on the vehicles in the video closely matches that used on M109A2s formerly operated by the Dutch Army (Picture source: Ukrainian MoD)
Several factors support the theory of Dutch involvement. First, the camouflage pattern on the vehicles in the video closely matches that used on M109A2s formerly operated by the Dutch Army, as confirmed by photographic archives. These systems, no longer in active service in the Netherlands, may have been stored before being transferred to Ukraine. Second, the visible wear on the howitzers suggests they were kept in storage for an extended period, consistent with the idea that these are decommissioned assets repurposed for training rather than combat operations.
Additionally, the design of the turret seen in the video appears basic, lacking the modern features of the M109A6 Paladin, such as external sensors, enhanced armor, and a more angular shape. The visible cannon is consistent with the M185 155 mm model used on M109A2 and M109A3 variants, whereas the Paladin uses a more advanced M284 cannon mounted on an M182 cradle. Other details, such as the storage compartments at the rear of the turret, align with the typical configuration of M109A2/A3 models. These observations suggest that Ukraine likely possesses M109A2s.
The M109A2 is an upgraded version of the American M109 self-propelled howitzer, acquired by the Netherlands in the 1980s to modernize its artillery forces. It is equipped with a 155 mm M185 cannon mounted on an M178 cradle, offering a firing range of 18 km with conventional shells and up to 24 km with rocket-assisted projectiles. The vehicle carries up to 36 shells and features an M2 Browning .50-caliber heavy machine gun for close defense. Powered by a Detroit Diesel 8V71T engine producing 405 horsepower, the M109A2 can reach a top speed of 56 km/h and has an operational range of approximately 350 km.
The Netherlands customized its M109A2 fleet by adding a panoramic periscope to improve targeting and observation capabilities. Its aluminum armor, 31.8 mm thick, provides protection against shrapnel and small arms fire but remains vulnerable to modern anti-armor weapons. These howitzers were phased out of Dutch service during the 1990s and 2000s, with some units stored, sold, or transferred to other countries. Their reliability and simplicity have made them valuable for artillery support and training purposes.
The Netherlands customized its M109A2 fleet by adding a panoramic periscope to improve targeting and observation capabilities. (Picture source: WikiCommons)
The Dutch government has not issued any official statements regarding a transfer of M109A2s. However, such a move would align with the discreet military assistance policies adopted by several European nations since the conflict began. Many weapons systems and military aid, such as drones and ammunition, have been delivered without public announcements to avoid exacerbating tensions with Russia.
The M109A2, introduced in 1979, remains functional despite its age. It offers a firing range of 18 to 25 kilometers, carries 36 shells, and includes a .50-caliber machine gun for defense. While its aluminum armor provides only limited protection, the M109A2 is recognized as a reliable platform for training and support roles.
These howitzers remain in service in countries such as Greece, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, and Lebanon, highlighting their continued relevance even as more advanced models like the M109A6 Paladin become available.
Deploying M109A2s for training in Ukraine serves multiple strategic purposes. First, using older systems allows Ukraine to conserve its more advanced artillery for active combat. Second, their deployment by Ukraine’s Air Assault Forces underscores the importance of realistic training conditions for artillery crews. Even retired systems can provide valuable operational experience for personnel.
This situation reflects broader trends in military aid to Ukraine, where assistance often remains undisclosed. Rumors of M109A2 transfers had circulated on social media as early as mid-2024, although no official confirmations followed. If proven true, this development would illustrate ongoing international cooperation to bolster Ukraine’s defense capabilities while avoiding direct confrontations with Russia.
The reported presence of M109A2 howitzers in Ukraine highlights the complexities of military assistance during the current conflict. Despite their age, these systems offer practical capabilities, particularly for training and non-frontline roles.
The case also demonstrates the strategic approach of certain European nations, such as the Netherlands, in supporting Ukraine. By supplying decommissioned or surplus equipment, these countries contribute to Ukraine’s defense without making public declarations that could escalate diplomatic tensions. This model of discreet assistance could serve as a framework for future military support in similar situations.