Russian drones now equipped with Electronic Warfare Systems to counter Ukrainian interceptors.

According to information published by Militarnyi on October 11, 2024, Russian operators are experimenting with outfitting drones with radio jamming equipment in an effort to protect them from Ukrainian FPV interceptors. According to radio technology specialist Serhii Flesch, the Russian military has started using compact electronic warfare (EW) devices, such as the domestically produced "Zerkaltse," to disrupt the control of Ukrainian drones.
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Artist rendering of a Russian drone equipped with a electronic warfare system. (Picture source: Generated by AI)

Flesch detailed a recent incident in which Ukrainian forces shot down a Russian reconnaissance drone equipped with the "Zerkaltse" system. This device scans for video channels during flight, detects signals from Ukrainian interceptor drones, and then jams the signal by transmitting stronger interference on the same frequency. The goal is to disrupt the Ukrainian operator's video feed, leaving them unable to control their drone effectively.

The "Zerkaltse" operates automatically, activating jamming for 60 seconds whenever it detects a nearby drone. It can repeat this process if needed, making it a potent defense mechanism in contested airspace. Flesch noted that this isn't an isolated case, as the system has been identified on multiple Russian drones over the battlefield.

In response to these developments, Ukrainian forces have scaled up their use of FPV drones, which have proven highly effective in neutralizing Russian reconnaissance drones. Ukrainian Defense Forces have successfully downed hundreds of enemy drones using this method in recent months. For instance, the SIGNUM unit recently shot down 50 drones in a short period on a narrow front line. This tactic is not only operationally effective but also economical, as the cost of a Ukrainian interceptor drone is significantly lower than that of Russian models, such as the Zala 421-16E, which can cost up to $20,000 depending on modifications, while the interceptors range between $500 and $1,000.

The increasing use of drones in the Russia-Ukraine war has led to an accelerated technological race between both sides, particularly in the realm of electronic warfare (EW). Both Ukrainian and Russian forces are leveraging advanced tactics to gain an edge in the ongoing drone battles, including innovations like FPV (First Person View) drones used by Ukraine for interception and reconnaissance.

Ukraine’s defense forces have been highly effective in using FPV drones to disrupt Russian reconnaissance efforts. These drones, often repurposed from civilian models, are cost-efficient and provide significant battlefield advantages, allowing Ukraine to shoot down larger Russian UAVs. This approach is crucial given the cost disparity between drones and traditional weapons, as FPV drones can be cheaper than artillery shells and are more accurate​.