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Production Begins on MQ-9B Drones for Canadian Armed Forces Designed for Arctic Operations.
The construction of the first MQ-9B drones for the Canadian Armed Forces has begun in California, marking a milestone in the Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) project. However, despite the progress, these drones will not be fully operational until 2033, according to a recent confirmation from the Department of National Defence (DND). In a post on the social media platform X on January 10, 2025, the DND announced that two of the eleven planned drones are currently under production at a U.S.-based facility in San Diego.
Operational testing of the MQ-9B will commence in 2026, with the first delivery expected in 2028 (Picture source: Canadian MoD)
This development is part of a CAD 2.5 billion contract signed by the Canadian government in December 2023, aimed at equipping the country with advanced aerial systems. According to the DND, operational testing of these drones will commence in 2026, with the first delivery expected in 2028. The project also includes the construction of six ground control stations, procurement of armaments, establishment of necessary infrastructure, and long-term logistical support.
The MQ-9B SkyGuardian, designed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, is a next-generation drone intended for long-range intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions. Capable of operating for up to 40 hours in all weather conditions, it is equipped with advanced technologies such as the Lynx multi-mode radar and an electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensor. Its open architecture allows for a payload capacity of 2,155 kg, distributed across nine hardpoints, enabling the integration of various armaments, including 250-pound and 500-pound bombs. Additionally, the drone features automatic takeoff and landing systems and a certifiable detect-and-avoid system, making it compatible with civilian airspace.
Beyond ISR capabilities, the MQ-9B can be configured for specialized operations, such as anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare using the SeaGuardian kit, electronic warfare, and mine countermeasures. Powered by a high-performance engine, it offers exceptional endurance, while its extended 24-meter wingspan enhances flight stability. Built to meet NATO standards (STANAG 4671), the system is designed to support a wide range of military and civilian applications.
The MQ-9B drones, manufactured by General Atomics, are tailored to meet Canada’s operational needs both domestically and internationally. In Canada, they will be used for border surveillance, monitoring large-scale events, and supporting disaster response efforts. Abroad, they will conduct reconnaissance missions and, when necessary, precision strikes. These drones are equipped to carry a range of armaments, including low-collateral-damage munitions, which will be procured in the coming years.
Adapted for Arctic conditions, the drones will be based at 14 Wing Greenwood in Nova Scotia and 19 Wing Comox in British Columbia, with operational control centralized at a new military facility in the Uplands area of Ottawa. Scheduled for completion in 2028, this 6,000-square-meter facility will house six control stations and two simulators, accommodating nearly 200 personnel. Initially planned as a 4,000-square-meter structure, the facility’s scope has since been expanded, reflecting the strategic importance of this capability.
However, the project has faced challenges. The DND initially stated that the precise location of the control center in Ottawa was confidential for security reasons. This claim was contradicted by publicly available documents that detailed the location, environmental consultations, and planned infrastructure, including a parking lot for personnel. This discrepancy raised questions about transparency and the handling of sensitive information.
The deployment schedule has also been revised. Originally slated for delivery in 2025, the drones' timeline was pushed to 2028 due to modifications required for Arctic operations. Similarly, full operational capability, initially expected by 2030-2031, has been delayed to 2033, reflecting the technical complexities of the project.
While the production of MQ-9B drones represents progress for the Canadian Armed Forces, their full integration into national and international operations remains a long-term endeavor. Combining advanced technological capabilities with dedicated infrastructure, the program underscores Canada’s goal of strengthening its sovereignty and strategic role on the global stage. Backed by international partnerships and proven technology, the MQ-9B is poised to play a central role in modernizing Canada’s defense capabilities.