The 64N6 (NATO codename "Tombstone") is a 3D phased-array long-range surveillance and target acquisition radar developed by Russia. It plays a critical role in advanced air defense systems like the S-300 and S-400, enabling accurate detection, identification, and tracking of diverse aerial threats, including aircraft, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles. Designed for optimal performance in electronic countermeasure (ECM) environments, the 64N6 provides superior multi-target tracking capabilities and is a cornerstone of modern integrated air defense systems.
Country users: Russia, China, India, Vietnam, Algeria, Iran
Technical Data
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Design and type of radar
The 64N6 is a 3D phased-array radar with a hydraulically raised double-sided antenna mounted on a semi-trailer. It operates in the S-band, balancing long-range detection and high-resolution tracking capabilities. The system achieves 3D scanning by combining electronic beam steering in azimuth and elevation with mechanical rotation, providing full coverage every 12 seconds. Its sector scanning mode allows enhanced tracking of high-priority threats, such as tactical ballistic missiles.
The radar incorporates advanced countermeasure protection, including a three-channel self-balancing potentiometer and compensatory aerials to neutralize active jamming on sidelobes. SDTS (signal detection and tracking systems) technology enhances resistance to passive countermeasures, reducing false alarms from clutter. Automatic frequency adaptation and inter-survey signal analysis further optimize detection and tracking performance in complex operational environments.
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Operational Use
The 64N6 radar is a key component of the Russian-made S-300 and S-400 air missile defense systems. It provides real-time target detection, identification, and tracking data to command posts, facilitating engagement by surface-to-air missile units. The radar can simultaneously track up to 200 targets, including fighter aircraft, bombers, cruise missiles, ballistic missiles, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Its ability to function effectively in ECM-intensive environments ensures uninterrupted performance in dynamic and hostile scenarios.
The radar’s sector scanning capability enhances efficiency by focusing on areas of immediate threat, while its multitarget tracking enables comprehensive coverage of complex attack patterns, such as saturation strikes involving multiple target types.
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Mobility
The 64N6 radar system is mounted on the MAZ-74106 8x8 truck chassis, which is specifically designed to transport heavy military equipment across diverse terrains. The MAZ-74106 is powered by a 525-horsepower diesel engine, providing the high torque necessary to handle the radar’s 60-ton payload. Its full 8x8 all-wheel-drive system ensures exceptional off-road performance, allowing the radar to be deployed in rugged, remote areas or challenging environments where standard vehicles would struggle.
The truck features an independent torsion-bar suspension system with adjustable clearance, enabling it to maintain stability and maneuverability across uneven ground. Hydraulic outriggers are deployed during radar operation to stabilize the vehicle and ensure the antenna's precise functionality. Despite its heavy payload, the MAZ-74106 can reach a maximum road speed of 60 km/h and has an operational range of up to 500 km, ensuring flexibility in deployment and relocation.
The semi-trailer configuration of the radar system allows for rapid setup and takedown, which is critical for repositioning during dynamic combat scenarios or evading potential counterattacks. The vehicle is equipped with independent power generation systems, including a diesel generator, to maintain operational readiness even in remote areas without access to external power sources. This self-sufficiency and mobility and stability make the MAZ-74106 an ideal platform for the 64N6 radar system.
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Combat Use
In combat scenarios, the 64N6 radar can detect and track a wide range of aerial threats, monitoring up to 200 targets simultaneously. It can detect aircraft and cruise missiles at up to 300 km ranges and track ballistic missiles launched from distances of up to 1,000 km. The radar can monitor targets flying at altitudes of up to 27,000 meters and traveling at speeds of up to 2,788 m/s (10,000 km/h).
The radar provides air defense command centers with early warning and precise tracking data, allowing for effective engagement prioritization. Its integration into advanced air defense systems like the S-300 and S-400 ensures comprehensive coverage of airspace, protection of critical assets, and reliable performance in ECM-intensive environments. The combination of multitarget tracking, sector scanning, and robust countermeasure resistance makes the 64N6 an indispensable tool for modern air defense operations.
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